The FTC is the regulatory body that oversees and, to some extent, enforces laws concerning credit reporting. The Federal Reserve Board and other federal agencies also play a role in regulating the system, though that involvement is centered on banking oversight. To some extent, attorney generals of all 50 states also play a role in the enforcement of consumer credit laws, but this is geared mostly toward insuring compliance with the laws of the individual states they serve. Whenever you experience any violation of consumer protection statutes, particularly if it's credit related, you should file a complaint with both the FTC and your state attorney general.
It's important that you know your rights under the FCRA. The FCRA is designed to help ensure that credit reporting agencies furnish correct and complete information to businesses to use in evaluating your credit or loan application. The following is a summary of the Act:
You must be told if information in yo ur file has been used against you. Anyone who uses a credit report or another type of consumer report to deny your application for credit, insurance, or employment-or to take another adverse action against you-must tell you, and must give you the name, address, and phone number of the agency that provided the information.
You have the right to know what is in your file. You may request and obtain all the information about you in the files of a consumer reporting agency (your right to "file disclosure"). You will be required to provide proper identification, which may include your SSN. In many cases, the disclosure will be free. You are entitled to a free file disclosure if
o a person has taken adverse action against you because of information in your credit report;
o you are the victim of identify theft and place a fraud alert in your file;
o your file contains inaccurate information as a result of fraud;
o you are on public assistance;
o you are unemployed but expect to apply for employment within 60 days;
o you are entitled to one free disclosure every 12 months upon request from each nationwide credit bureau and from nationwide specialty consumer reporting agencies.
You have the right to ask for a credit score. Credit scores are numerical summaries of your creditworthiness based on information from credit bureaus. You may request a credit score from consumer reporting agencies that create scores or distribute scores used in residential real property loans, but you will have to pay for it. In some mortgage transactions, you will receive credit score information for free from the mortgage lender.
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